We investigate the causal effect of an increase in confidence on i) beliefs about procedural fairness and ii) preferences for redistribution. Participants (n=1327) compete in dyads in a trivia quiz and a lottery. After the competition, winners and losers indicate their beliefs about the fairness in the competition and are asked to make a redistribution decision between another pair of competitors. We find that increased confidence has polarizing effects on procedural fairness. When participants have high confidence, winners believe that the competition is procedurally fairer compared to losers. For participants with low confidence, there is no difference in beliefs about procedural fairness between winners and losers. Despite this, we do not find that increased confidence affects preferences for redistribution neither for winners, nor for losers. Both losers with high and low confidence redistribute significantly more than winners. These findings suggest that confidence shapes views on how fair the world is, while the experience of success and failure affect preferences for redistribution above and beyond the influence of confidence.